RISK FACTORS IN TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS

Traffic accidents, which influence to every age group people, are an important public health. This study to determine which condition it has happened more, which days, months and years it has happened, what things have caused to happen traffic accidents. The study was made in Erciyes University Medical School Emergency Department. 31550 patients applied to emergency department in a period of twelve months in 1998. 7098 (22%) cases of these were traffic accidents. It has done on 710 patients who have been brought to emergency by traffic accidents, and 10% systematic sampling of 7098 people. 504 (71%) of patients were male, 206 (29%) of them were female, the average age was 26.0 (min-max: 1-85). It was observed that traffic accidents occurred during peak times 1200-1800 p.m. The number of traffic accidents was higher during the weekends and in may and June than other times. All the accidents occurred in the same way both within and outside urban area. But the drivers hit the pedestrians more in the urban area. Although it has been seen 'the cars' in the accidents the most. The most mortality has been occurred in bus, minibus and motorbike accidents. The first treatment place of the casualties of 80.5% was at university emergency department. 619 all of the casualties who were admitted the university emergency department was simple injured. They all left the hospital with cure. 52 of casualties lost their life. As a result, some risk factors increase incidence of traffic accidents. Considering these risk factors in taking measures is of great importance in prevention of traffic accidents. Morbidity and mortality are affected by place where accidents occur, time of accident, properties of motor vehicles, and quality of medical care performed following the incident.

TRAFÝK KAZALARINDA RÝSK FAKTÖRLERÝ

Trafik kazalarý her yaþ grubundan insaný etkileyen önemli bir halk saðlýðý sorunudur. Bu çalýþmada amaç; trafik kazalarýnýn hangi þartlarda daha fazla olduðunu; kazalarýn gün ay ve yýl içindeki daðýlýmlarýný tespit etmek, ayrýca kazaya neden olan diðer etkenleri belirlemektir. Çalýþma, Erciyes Üniversitesi Týp Fakültesi Acil Polikliniði'nde yapýldý. 1998 yýlý içindeki 12 aylýk zaman periyodunda acil polikliniðe 31.550 hasta müracaat etti. Bunlarýn 7098'i (%22) trafik kazasý idi. 7098 hastadan %10 sistematik örneklem ile tespit edilen 710 hasta çalýþmaya alýndý. Çalýþmaya alýnan hastalarýn 504'ü erkek (%7l), 206'sý kadýn (%29) olup yaþ ortalamasý 26.0 (1-85) olarak bulundu. Trafik kazalarý gün içinde saat 12.00-18.00 arasýnda, hafta sonlarý ve mayýs-haziran aylarýnda artmaktadýr. Kazalarýn oluþ þekli þehir içi ve þehir dýþý yollarda aynýdýr ancak þehir içi trafik kazalarýnda yayaya çarpma oraný yüksektir. En çok kaza yapan araç otomobil olmasýna raðmen mortalitesi en yüksek araç kazasý otobüs, minibüs ve motosiklettir. Hastalarýn %80.5'inin ilk tedavi yeri üniversite hastanesi olmuþtur. Acile trafik kazasý nedeni ile getirilen hastalarýn 619'u (%87.1) geçici travma tanýsý almýþ ve tedavilerinden sonra þifa ile taburcu edilmiþlerdir. 52 hasta (%7.3) ise kaybedilmiþtir. Kazalarýn oluþ yeri, zamaný, kazaya karýþan araçlar ve kaza sonrasý hastaya yapýlan týbbi tedavinin kalitesi hastanýn morbimortalitesini önemli derecede etkiler.