Hypertonic, Normal Saline or Neither: Which One is better in Uncontrolled Hemorrhagic Shock? Experimental Study on Goat

Objective
To evaluate the effect of various fluids on uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock (UHS).
BACKGROUND
There is controversy over appropriate dose and types of fluids in UHS. This study evaluated the effects of hypertonic saline (HTS), normal saline (NS) and no fluid resuscitation (NFR) during UHS.
METHODS
Thirty goats were underwent right leg ablation and randomized to NFR, HTS and NS. The selected features of the UHS, including Hemoglobin (HR), Heart Rate (HR), Blood Loss (BL), Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP), Bleeding Time (BT) and pH were analyzed.
RESULTS
All the goats receiving HTS died within 60 minutes; 4 in NS and 1 in NFR died in 120 minutes. The NFR group had a higher HG than NS and HTS groups at the end of trial. BL in HTS was more than the other two groups (p<0.05). MAP in NFR and NS groups was higher than HTS (p<0.05). PH was higher in the NFR group compared with the other two groups (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION:
Study showed that HTS is not suitable for UHS when compared with NFR and NS. NFR is superior to HTS and NS in all features of UHS. NS or HTS fluids may worsen the condition in the pre-hospital field until surgical repair can be accomplished.