Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2011; 17(4): 349-353 | DOI: 10.5505/tjtes.2011.15483

Elektrik çarpmalarýnda voltaj farkýnýn komplikasyonlar ve miyopati üzerine etkisi

Sevdegül Karadaþ¹, Hayriye Gönüllü¹, Mehmet Reþit Öncü², Daðhan Iþýk³, Yasin Canbaz^3
1Yüzüncü Yýl Üniversitesi Týp Fakültesi, Acil Týp Anabilim Dalý Van, Türkiye
²Van Eðitim Ve Araþtýrma Hastanesi, Acil Servis, Van, Türkiye
³Yüzüncü Yýl Üniversitesi Týp Fakültesi, Plastik Ve Rekonstriktif Cerrahi, Van, Türkiye

GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM
Ocak 2006-Ocak 2010 tarihleri arasýnda elektrik çarpmasý nedeniyle acil servise baþvuran olgular geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Olgular yaþ, cinsiyet, elektrik kaynaðýnýn gücü (düþük-yüksek voltaj), mevsimsel daðýlým, EKG deðiþiklikleri, laboratuvar sonuçlarý, takip edildiði klinikler, komplikasyon ve ölüm oranlarý bakýmýndan deðerlendirildi.
BULGULAR
Olgularýn 84’ü (%57,1) düþük voltaj elektriðe (I. Grup), 63’ü (%42,9) yüksek voltaj elektriðe (II. Grup) maruz kalmýþtý. Yaralanan olgularýn çoðunluðunu 26-45 yaþ arasý grup oluþturmaktaydý. Kadýnlarýn %85,7’sinin düþük voltaj, erkeklerin %51,8’inin yüksek voltaj elektrikle yaralandýðý saptandý. Alanin aminotransferaz, aspartat aminotransferaz, laktat dehidrogenaz, kreatin kinaz ve kreatin kinaz-miyokardiyal band Grup II’de yüksek, kalsiyum düzeyi ise Grup II’de düþüktü (p<0,005). Komplikasyonlar (yüksekten düþmeye baðlý patolojiler, kardiyak disritmiler, kompartman sendromu) ve ölüm sýklýðý grup II’de fazlaydý (p<0,005).
SONUÇ
Yüksek voltajlý elektrik çarpmasýnda kas harabiyetinin derecesiyle birlikte, kardiyak ve yüksekten düþmeye baðlý komplikasyonlarýn ve ölüm oranýnýn daha fazla olduðu görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Elektrik çarpmasý, komplikasyonlar; yüksek-düþük voltaj.

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The effects on complications and myopathy of different voltages in electrical injuries

Sevdegül Karadaþ¹, Hayriye Gönüllü¹, Mehmet Reþit Öncü², Daðhan Iþýk³, Yasin Canbaz^3
1Yüzüncü Yýl University Medical Faculty, Department Of Emergency Medicine, Van, Turkey
²Van Training And Research Hospital, Emergency Service, Van, Turkey
³Yüzüncü Yýl University Medical Faculty, Department Of Plastic And Reconstructive Surgery, Van, Turkey

BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics of electrical injuries, laboratory findings, complications, and mortality and morbidity rates of these injuries.
METHODS
Patients with electrical injuries admitted to the emergency department between January 2006-2010 were retrospectively analyzed. The cases were evaluated by age, gender, source of electrical power (low-high voltage), seasonal distribution, ECG changes, laboratory findings, clinical care units, complications, and mortality rate.
RESULTS
Eighty-four (57.1%) of the cases were exposed to low-voltage electricity (Group I), while 63 (42.9%) of the cases were exposed to high-voltage electricity (Group II). The majority of cases with electrical injuries were aged 26-45 years. Thirty of the women (85.7%) were wounded by low-voltage while 58 of the men (51.8%) were wounded by high-voltage electricity. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and CK-MB levels were higher and the level of calcium was lower in Group II. Complications (pathologies due to fall from high levels, cardiac dysrhythmias, compartment syndrome) and the mortality rate were higher in Group II.
CONCLUSION
In cases with high-voltage electrical injuries, cardiac complications, complications due to fall from high levels and the mortality rate increase in conjunction with the degree of the muscle damage.

Keywords: Electrical injury, complications; high-low voltage.

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ATIF KOPYALA