Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2025; 31(2): 140-147 | DOI: 10.14744/tjtes.2024.00413

Prehospital and emergency data analysis in burn patients: Mortality predictors and response times over five years

Bensu Bulut¹, Murat Genc², Medine Akkan Oz³, Ramiz Yazici⁴, Huseyin Mutlu⁵, Ekrem Taha Sert⁵, Kamil Kokulu⁵, Ýsmail Borazan⁶, Omer Faruk Turan⁷, Fatih Ahmet Kahraman⁸, Serden Ay^9
1Department Of Emergency Medicine, Yenimahalle Training And Research Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
²Department of Emergency Medicine, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
³Department Of Emergency Medicine, Gülhane Training And Research Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
⁴Department Of Emergency Medicine, University Of Health Sciences, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Education And Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
⁵Department Of Emergency Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Türkiye
⁶Department Of Emergency Medicine, Aydýn Nazilli Devlet Hastanesi, Aydýn, Türkiye
⁷Department Of Emergency Medicine, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
⁸Department Of Emergency Medicine, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
⁹Department Of General Surgery, Konya City Hospital, Konya, Türkiye

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to retrospectively examine the prehospital and emergency department processes of burn cases to evaluate process effectiveness, establish regional data, and identify factors affecting mortality in burn patients.
METHODS: The study included 784 burn cases treated by Ankara 112 Emergency Health Services and transferred to Ankara Bilkent City Hospital Emergency Department between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2023. Demographic data, burn characteristics, response times of 112 emergency health services, and patient outcomes were retrospectively analyzed.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients included in the study was 23.4±20.7 years, with 36.7% being female. The most common type of burn was hot liquid burns (49.9%) and 73.7% of cases involved second-degree burns. The overall mortality rate was 5%. Logistic regression analysis identified advanced age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.02), presence of inhalation burns (OR: 3.33), and burn percentage as independent risk factors for mortality. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that age >44 years (38.5% sensitivity, 83.8% specificity) and burn surface >16% (89.7% sensitivity, 77.5% specificity) were predictive thresholds for mortality.
CONCLUSION: Advanced age, extensive burn surface area, residence in rural areas, and inhalation injuries are key predictors of mortality in burn patients. Enhancing prehospital emergency services, implementing community education programs, and adopting a multidisciplinary approach are critical for preventing and effectively managing burn injuries.

Keywords: Burn, mortality, prehospital care, emergency department, risk factors

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Yanýk hastalarýnda hastane öncesi ve acil servis verilerinin analizi: 5 yýllýk dönemde mortalite belirteçleri ve yanýt süreleri

Bensu Bulut¹, Murat Genc², Medine Akkan Oz³, Ramiz Yazici⁴, Huseyin Mutlu⁵, Ekrem Taha Sert⁵, Kamil Kokulu⁵, Ýsmail Borazan⁶, Omer Faruk Turan⁷, Fatih Ahmet Kahraman⁸, Serden Ay^9
1Yenimahalle Eðitim Ve Araþtýrma Hastanesi, Acil Týp Kliniði, Ankara, Türkiye
²Ankara Eðitim Ve Araþtýrma Hastanesi, Acil Týp Kliniði, Ankara, Türkiye
³Gülhane Eðitim Ve Araþtýrma Hastanesi, Acil Týp Kliniði, Ankara, Türkiye
⁴Saðlýk Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Eðitim Ve Araþtýrma Hastanesi, Acil Týp Kliniði, Istanbul, Türkiye
⁵Aksaray Üniversitesi, Acil Týp Kliniði, Aksaray, Türkiye
⁶Aydýn Nazilli Devlet Hastanesi, Acil Týp Kliniði, Aydýn, Türkiye
⁷Ankara Etlik Þehir Hastanesi, Acil Týp Kliniði, Ankara, Türkiye
⁸Ankara Bilkent Þehir Hastanesi, Acil Týp Kliniði, Ankara, Türkiye
⁹Konya Þehir Hastanesi, Genel Cerrahi Kliniði, Konya, Türkiye

Giriþ
Bu çalýþma, yanýk vakalarýnýn hastane öncesi ve acil servis süreçlerini retrospektif olarak inceleyerek sürecin etkinliðini deðerlendirmeyi, bölgesel veriler oluþturmayý ve yanýk hastalarýnda mortaliteyi etkileyen faktörleri belirlemeyi amaçlamýþtýr.
Materyal ve Metod
Çalýþma, 1 Ocak 2019 - 31 Aralýk 2023 tarihleri arasýnda Ankara 112 Acil Saðlýk Hizmetleri'ne baþvuran ve Ankara Bilkent Þehir Hastanesi Acil Servisi'ne nakledilen 784 yanýk vakasýný kapsamaktadýr. Hastalarýn demografik verileri, yanýk özellikleri, 112 acil saðlýk hizmetlerinin müdahale süreleri ve hasta sonlanýmlarý retrospektif olarak incelenmiþtir.
Bulgular
Çalýþmaya dahil edilen vakalarýn yaþ ortalamasý 23,4±20,7 yýl olup %36,7'si kadýndý. En sýk görülen yanýk türü sýcak sývý yanýðý (%49,9) olup, vakalarýn %73,7'sinde 2. derece yanýk mevcuttu. Mortalite oraný %5 olarak saptandý. Lojistik regresyon analizinde; ileri yaþ (OR: 1,02), inhalasyon yanýðý varlýðý (OR: 3,33) ve yanýk yüzdesi mortalite için baðýmsýz risk faktörleri olarak belirlendi. ROC analizinde >44 yaþ (%38,5 sensitivite, %83,8 spesifisite) ve >%16 yanýk yüzeyi (%89,7 sensitivite, %77,5 spesifisite) mortalite için öngördürücü eþik deðerler olarak saptandý.
Sonuç
Yanýk yaralanmalarýnda ileri yaþ, geniþ yanýk yüzeyi, kýrsal bölgelerde yaþama ve inhalasyon yaralanmasý baþlýca mortalite belirleyicileridir. Yanýk yaralanmalarýnýn önlenmesi ve etkin tedavisi için hastane öncesi acil hizmetlerin geliþtirilmesi, toplum eðitimi ve multidisipliner yaklaþým temel unsurlardýr.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Yanýk, mortalite, hastane öncesi bakým, acil servis, risk faktörleri

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